Memory management operators

• You use Arrays to store multiple homogenous data, however, there exist some serious drawbacks to using arrays. 
• Programmers are required to allocate the memory for an array when they are declared, however, in most cases, the exact memory needed cannot be determined until runtime. 
• From the case above, the best approach is to declare the array with the maximum possible memory required ( i.e. declare an array with the maximum possible size expected), however, this wastes memory space. 
• Subsequently, to avoid wastage of memory, the memory required can be dynamically allocated during runtime using the new and delete operator.

What are memory management operators? 

We have two types of memory management operators in the C++ language. They are:

• new 
• delete 

These memory management operators are used in allocating and freeing memory blocks efficiently and conveniently. 

New operator: 

In C++ language, the new operator is used for dynamic storage allocation. It can be used to create an object of any type.

Syntax:

pointer_variable = new data-type  

Example:

int *count;  
count = new int;  

'count' is a pointer of type int.

Delete operator

Delete is used when our variable is not required in next step, then its a good practice to release that allocated space. That space can be used by other variable.

Syntax:

delete pointer_variable;  

In the above syntax 'delete' is the operator which is used to delete the existing object, and 'pointer_variable' is the name of the pointer variable.

Example:

#include <iostream>  
using namespace std  
int main()  
{  
int size;  // variable declaration  
int *arr = new int[size];   // creating an array   
cout<<"Enter the size of the array : ";     
std::cin >> size;    //   
cout<<"nEnter the element : ";  
for(int i=0;i<size;i++)   // for loop  
{  
cin>>arr[i];  
}  
cout<<"nThe elements that you have entered are :";  
for(int i=0;i<size;i++)    // for loop  
{  
cout<<arr[i]<<",";  
}  
delete arr;  // deleting an existing array.  
return 0;  
}