Python Operators

Welcome to another tutorial in this series, here you will get to know more about operators in Python. All programming language has operators used in performing various types of operation. They are handled for the evaluation of different types of expressions and to manipulate the values of operands or variables by performing different operations.

There are 7 types of operators in Python.

• Arithmetic Operators 
• Comparison Operators 
• Assignment Operators 
• Logical Operators 
• Bitwise Operators 
• Membership Operators
•  Identity Operators

In the list above, the first five are commonly used and the last two are regarded as Membership or Identity operators, they are exclusive to python.

Python: Arithmetic Operators

The Arithmetic operators are operators typically used for performing arithmetic operations on numeric operands such as division, addition, subtraction, and so on.

The table below shows the different arithmetic operators: To multiply values on either side of the operator.

Let's have a few code examples:

>>>3+2
5
>>>4-3
1
>>>3/2
1.5

Python: Comparison Operators

The comparison operators in Python are used to compare the values of operands on either side of this type of operator. They return true or false Boolean values; true is returned if the condition is satisfied, else it will return a false.

The table below shows the different comparison operators:

Let's have a few code examples:

>>> 3 == 2
False
>>> 3 != 2
True
>>> 2<=4
True

Python: Assignment Operators

This type of operator enables you to assign a specific value to a variable or an operand.

The equal to (=) operator can be used to assign a value to an operand directly when you use an arithmetic operator (+, -, /, etc.) along with the equal to operator, it will perform the arithmetic operation on the given variable and subsequently assign the resulting value to that variable itself.

Check out the example below:

>>> x=2
>>> x
2
>>> x+=1
>>> x
3
>>> x-=1
>>> x
2 

Python: Logical Operators

This type of operator is used to perform logical operations such as and, or, not, etc., and to combine two or more conditions in other to provide a specific result of either true or false.

The table below shows the different logical operators:

Python: Bitwise Operators

In Python, the Bitwise operator acts on the operands bit by bit. They take one or two operands. However, a few bitwise operators appear to be similar to logical operators, but they are not.

The table below are different bitwise operators: It copies a bit if it exists in either operand.

Let's have a few code examples:

>>> a = 3
>>> b = 4
>>> a = 3   # equivalent binary is 0011
>>> b = 4   # equivalent binary is 0100
>>> a & b
0
>>> a | b
7
>>> # 7 is equivalent to 0111 in binary

Python: Membership Operators

In Python, the membership operators are used to test whether a value is in a specific sequence or not like in lists, tuples, strings, and so on, however, returns True or False as output.

The table shows the different membership operators:

Let's have a few code examples:

>>> lst=[2,3,6,7,9,1]
>>> x=2
>>> y=5
>>> x in lst
True
>>> y in lst
False

Python: Identity Operators 

In Python, the identity operators are typically applied to test if a variable refers to the same value/object or not. It, therefore, returns True or False as output.

The table below shows the different identity operators:

Let's have a few code examples:

>>> x=4
>>> y=4
>>> z=2
>>> x is y
True
>>> z is x
False